Author’s Commitments

Adherence to the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License: International Journal of Economic Sciences (IJES) supports the dissemination and accessibility of scholarly research. When a manuscript is accepted for publication in IJES, the Corresponding Author, with the consent of all Coauthors, is required to complete the applicable Copyright and warranty form. Under the journal's publication model, copyright in the accepted article is transferred to IJES in accordance with the terms of that agreement. If the manuscript is not accepted for publication, the transfer does not take effect.

Following publication, the article is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License . This license permits redistribution of the unmodified article for non-commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given, a link to the license is provided, and the applicable license conditions are followed. Modified or adapted versions may not be distributed under the terms of this license.

Accurate Representation of Contributions: All listed authors must have made substantial scholarly contributions to the work, must have reviewed and approved the submitted version of the manuscript, and must agree to its submission to IJES. The author list must accurately reflect the individuals who contributed to the conception, design, methodology, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation, or other substantial scholarly aspects of the work.

Guest, gift, honorary, purchased, and ghost authorship are not permitted. The Corresponding Author is responsible for ensuring that the author list is complete and accurate and that all Coauthors are appropriately informed about the submission.

Commitment to Original and Unpublished Work: Manuscripts submitted to International Journal of Economic Sciences must represent original scholarly work and must not be simultaneously under consideration for publication by another journal.

Legitimate prior dissemination of an earlier version of the work, including preprints, working papers, theses or dissertations, conference presentations or proceedings, institutional reports, or similar scholarly materials, does not automatically prevent consideration by IJES. Such prior dissemination must be transparently disclosed during submission and appropriately cited or linked where relevant.

Where the submitted manuscript substantially develops an earlier conference paper, working paper, preprint, or other prior version, the manuscript must provide a substantial and identifiable additional scholarly contribution beyond the earlier version.

Manuscript Withdrawal: Authors may request withdrawal of a manuscript by contacting the Editorial Office. The request should be submitted by the Corresponding Author and should include a clear reason for withdrawal.

Where peer review has already commenced, the journal may request confirmation that all authors agree with the withdrawal. A manuscript must not be considered formally withdrawn until the Editorial Office has confirmed the withdrawal. Authors must not submit the manuscript to another journal while it remains under active consideration by IJES.

Changes to Authorship: The author list should be complete and accurate at the time of initial submission. Requests to add, remove, or rearrange authors after submission must be fully justified and must accurately reflect the scholarly contributions of the individuals concerned.

Any requested authorship change must normally be accompanied by the written agreement of all affected authors, including any author being added or removed, and is subject to editorial approval. Changes to authorship after acceptance are not normally permitted and will be considered only in exceptional and adequately justified circumstances.

Adherence to Ethical Standards: Authors are expected to uphold high standards of research and publication ethics throughout submission, peer review, revision, and publication. All information provided to the journal must be accurate, complete, and truthful.

Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy of information concerning authorship, affiliations, funding, conflicts of interest, prior dissemination, data availability, ethical approvals where applicable, references, and other declarations required by the journal.

Authors must also comply with the journal's policies concerning plagiarism, duplicate and redundant publication, conflicts of interest, copyright and third-party material, research data, Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies, and other applicable publication ethics requirements.

If authors identify a significant error, omission, or ethical concern in their submitted or published work, they should promptly inform the Editorial Office and cooperate with the journal in taking any necessary corrective action.