Settings Open Access Policy

International Journal of Economic Sciences (IJES) is a fully open-access journal. All published articles are freely and immediately available online to readers worldwide without subscription, registration, or other access charges.

Users may read, download, print, search, link to, and share published articles in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) .

Under this license, published articles may be copied and redistributed in any medium or format for non-commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given to the author(s) and the original publication in IJES, a link to the applicable license is provided, and the article's DOI or other appropriate link to the Version of Record is included where available.

The CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License does not permit commercial reuse of the published material. If the material is remixed, transformed, translated, adapted, or otherwise modified, the modified material may not be distributed under this license.

No additional permission from the journal or Publisher is required for reuse that complies with the terms and conditions of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License.